Clean air refers to the lack of turbulence or disturbance in the air surrounding a Formula 1 car. When a car is in clean air, it is able to travel at a faster speed and have greater control over its performance.
This is because there is no interference from the air being disturbed by the car in front, allowing the car to generate more downforce and grip on the track. In contrast, when a car is in dirty air (also known as "dirty airflow"), the air is disrupted and turbulent due to the car in front, causing the car to have less control and slower speeds. Therefore, a car that is able to maintain clean air is at a significant advantage in Formula 1 racing.
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